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Mechanical interactions of subducting oceanic plates with the overriding accretionary wedges
Tkáčiková, Tatiana ; Žák, Jiří (advisor) ; Kusbach, Vladimír (referee)
Analog models have been widely used as a tool to reconstruct and understand the geological process, too great to observe in real-time. Subduction of solid mass seamounts, the significant topographic elevations, was focus of several studies by analogue "sandbox" and numerical modeling of recent years. However, the natural seamounts are commonly surrounded by loose blocks as a part of the Ocean Plate Stratigraphy. This thesis focuses on the topography of the ocean basin, analog modeling of seamount subduction and the effect of the topographic elevations on the deformation of the accretionary prism, during subduction of the various shapes of seamounts. A series of experiments were performed to study these processes and specially, the effect of the loose blocks on the structure of the wedge stratigraphy, particularly, on formation of mélanges.
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Analog modeling of subduction zone processes
Tkáčiková, Tatiana ; Žák, Jiří (advisor) ; Krýza, Ondřej (referee)
Subduction zones, domains where oceanic lithosphere is subducted into the mantle beneath an overriding plate, are one of the most dynamic tectonic environments. A wide range of the long-lasting subduction-zone processes may be suitably reproduced and studied through analog modeling and thus may be directly observed in laboratory, though at time and length scales that differ fundamentally from nature. The main goals of this Bachelor thesis are first to provide an overview of large-scale architecture of subduction zones, to present an overview of the published analog experimental methods, and then to discuss the main outcomes of analog modeling of subduction zones and accretionary prisms. The thesis also summarizes the main mechanical parameters of materials used in the analog modeling. Furthermore, a set of simple experiments were performed, with the main goal to model formation of basalt-bearing mélanges during subduction of seamounts and volcanic belts that may occur on ocean floor and are commonly incorporated into accretionary wedges as dismembered Ocean Plate Stratigraphy (OPS).
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